das Studium der Physik und Mathematik aufzunehmen. [124][236][237] According to Jane, her husband was accepting of the situation, stating "he would not object so long as I continued to love him". Stephen Hawking, Actor: Star Trek: The Next Generation. 2006: Verleihung der Copley-Medaille. and proposed N=8 Supergravity as the leading theory to solve many of the outstanding problems physicists were studying. [86], The couple resided in Cambridge, within Hawking's walking distance to the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics (DAMTP). [151][152] Instead of publishing with an academic press, he signed a contract with Bantam Books, a mass-market publisher, and received a large advance for his book. On 14 March 2018, Stephen Hawking passed away aged 76. 1990: Scheidung von Jane Wilde. References. [132] Following a conference in Moscow in October 1981, Hawking and Gary Gibbons[8] organised a three-week Nuffield Workshop in the summer of 1982 on "The Very Early Universe" at Cambridge University, a workshop that focused mainly on inflation theory. [326][327] In addition, actor Benedict Cumberbatch, who played Stephen Hawking in Hawking, astronaut Tim Peake, Astronomer Royal Martin Rees and physicist Kip Thorne provided readings at the service. [340], Hawking's final broadcast interview, about the detection of gravitational waves resulting from the collision of two neutron stars, occurred in October 2017. Stephen Hawking was born on January 8, 1942 in Oxford, England, UK. [29][30][31][32] Hawking's mother was born into a family of doctors in Glasgow, Scotland. [257][258] The MND diagnosis came when Hawking was 21, in 1963. He began his graduate work at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, in October 1962, where he obtained his PhD degree in applied mathematics and theoretical physics, specialising in general relativity and cosmology in March 1966. [170][171], Hawking pursued his work in physics: in 1993 he co-edited a book on Euclidean quantum gravity with Gary Gibbons and published a collected edition of his own articles on black holes and the Big Bang. Higgs boson was discovered in July 2012. Copley Medal (2006) He was later scheduled to appear as the keynote speaker at a 2017 Humanists UK conference. [130][131], Cosmological inflation – a theory proposing that following the Big Bang, the universe initially expanded incredibly rapidly before settling down to a slower expansion – was proposed by Alan Guth and also developed by Andrei Linde. 1965: Heirat mit Jane Wilde. I'm an atheist. Noch in der frühen Phase seines Studiums in Cambridge erlitt Stephen [223][224], Hawking met his future wife, Jane Wilde, at a party in 1962. 1979 - 2009: Inhaber des Lucasischer Lehrstuhl für Mathematik an der Universität Cambridge. In June 2017, Hawking endorsed the Labour Party in the 2017 UK general election, citing the Conservatives' proposed cuts to the NHS. [78][79] Hawking started developing a reputation for brilliance and brashness when he publicly challenged the work of Fred Hoyle and his student Jayant Narlikar at a lecture in June 1964. Stephen Hawking lieferte bedeutende Arbeiten zur Kosmologie, zur allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie und zu Schwarzen Löchern. "[198] The particle was discovered in July 2012 at CERN following construction of the Large Hadron Collider. [185] Top-down cosmology posits that the present "selects" the past from a superposition of many possible histories. [36][37], In 1950, when Hawking's father became head of the division of parasitology at the National Institute for Medical Research, the family moved to St Albans, Hertfordshire. [91][92][93] In 1969, Hawking accepted a specially created Fellowship for Distinction in Science to remain at Caius. [277] His lack of engagement in this area led to some criticism. [222], Hawking's final paper – A smooth exit from eternal inflation? in ihrer Autobiographie "Travelling to Infinity – My Life with Stephen". The brilliant physicist, Stephen Hawking, passed away at 76 on Wednesday in Cambridge, England. ", "Stephen Hawking, "Equal to Anything!" Christophe Galfard an der Erarbeitung des höchst erfolgreichen Buches beteiligt. Den Höhepunkt seiner akademischen Karriere in Cambridge markierte das Jahr 1979, als er von der Universität auf den Lucasischen Lehrstuhl der Mathematik [34] His paternal great-grandmother saved the family from financial ruin by opening a school in their home. [69] After receiving a first-class BA (Hons.) [197] The particle was proposed to exist as part of the Higgs field theory by Peter Higgs in 1964. Stephen William Hawking CH CBE FRS FRSA (8 January 1942 – 14 March 2018) was an English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author who was director of research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology at the University of Cambridge at the time of his death. "[371], Hawking feared privatisation. Don Page, with whom Hawking had begun a close friendship at Caltech, arrived to work as the live-in graduate student assistant. Dank Stephen Hawking wurden During this period—in 1963—Hawking was diagnosed with an early-onset, slow-progressing form of motor neurone disease (also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or Lou Gehrig's disease) that gradually paralysed him over the decades. [179] A popular-level collection of essays, interviews, and talks titled Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays was published in 1993,[180] and a six-part television series Stephen Hawking's Universe and a companion book appeared in 1997. [45][38] In St Albans, the eight-year-old Hawking attended St Albans High School for Girls for a few months. Stephen Hawking (1942 – 2018) is an English theoretical physicist, cosmologist and author. [261] As he slowly lost the ability to write, he developed compensatory visual methods, including seeing equations in terms of geometry. [77] His disease progressed slower than doctors had predicted. [288], Released from the need to use somebody to interpret his speech, Hawking commented that "I can communicate better now than before I lost my voice. "[4] A change occurred during his second and third years when, according to Berman, Hawking made more of an effort "to be one of the boys". Werke: u.a. Stephen Hawking wurde am 8. [232][233] The family spent a generally happy and stimulating year in Pasadena. "[371] In an interview published in The Guardian, Hawking regarded "the brain as a computer which will stop working when its components fail", and the concept of an afterlife as a "fairy story for people afraid of the dark". [164][169] He reportedly declined a knighthood in the late 1990s in objection to the UK's science funding policy. "[289] The voice he used had an American accent and is no longer produced. In the 1960s Hawking contracted amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), an incurable degenerative neuromuscular disease, but he continued to work despite its disabling effects. 1988: Veröffentlichung des populärwissenschaftlichen Werkes "Eine kurze Geschichte der Zeit". [329][330] Following the cremation, a service of thanksgiving was held at Westminster Abbey on 15 June 2018, after which his ashes were interred in the Abbey's nave, between the graves of Sir Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin. Jane Hawking verarbeitete ihre Erfahrungen als Ehefrau von Stephen Hawking Nach der Geburt seiner zwei Schwestern und der Übersiedelung der Familie wuchs Stephen Hawking im nördlichen Londoner Stadtteil St. Albans auf. [59] He also wanted his son to attend University College, Oxford, his own alma mater. In the 1960s and 1970s, he worked on ground-breaking theorems regarding singularities within the framework of general relativity, and made the theoretical prediction that black holes should emit radiation (known today as Hawking r… What I meant by 'we would know the mind of God' is, we would know everything that God would know, if there were a God, which there isn't. Hawking's scientific works included a collaboration with Roger Penrose on gravitational singularity theorems in the framework of general relativity and the theoretical prediction that black holes emit radiation, often called Hawking radiation. He developed into a popular, lively and witty college-member, interested in classical music and science-fiction. They travelled to the United States several times for conferences and physics-related visits. 2018: Stephen Hawking stirbt in Cambridge (England). Aus dieser Ehe gehen drei Kinder hervor. [156] Peter Guzzardi, his editor at Bantam, pushed him to explain his ideas clearly in non-technical language, a process that required many revisions from an increasingly irritated Hawking. But there’s one lesson that particularly comes to mind, especially for leaders: choose empathy over aggression. [386], Hawking was greatly concerned over health care, and maintained that without the UK National Health Service, he could not have survived into his 70s. Januar 1942 in Oxford, England; † 14. [279][280] The National Health Service was ready to pay for a nursing home, but Jane was determined that he would live at home. Aus dieser Ehe gingen die in den Jahren 1967 und [387] Hawking also stated, "There is overwhelming evidence that NHS funding and the numbers of doctors and nurses are inadequate, and it is getting worse. Hawking accepted, and Bernard Carr travelled with them as the first of many students who fulfilled this role. [164] Some colleagues were resentful of the attention Hawking received, feeling it was due to his disability. Hawking … Januar 1942 in Oxford Jane began a PhD programme through Westfield College in medieval Spanish poetry (completed in 1981). Despite his headmaster's advice to wait until the next year, Hawking was awarded a scholarship after taking the examinations in March 1959. [307][361], Hawking stated that, given the vastness of the universe, aliens likely exist, but that contact with them should be avoided. Mit dieser Rolle als Lucasian Professor trat Stephen Hawking die Nachfolge renommierter Wissenschaftler wie Isaac Newton oder He was shown to sing an extended version of the “Galaxy Song”, after running down Brian Cox with his wheelchair, in a pre-recorded video. [128] At the same time, he was also making a transition in his approach to physics, becoming more intuitive and speculative rather than insisting on mathematical proofs. But now science offers a more convincing explanation. [245] In February 1990, Hawking told Jane that he was leaving her for Mason,[246] and departed the family home. Stephen William Hawking CH, CBE, FRS, FRSA (i / ˈ s t iː v ə n ˈ h ɔː k ɪ ŋ /; 8 Januar 1942 – 14 Mairch 2018) wis an Inglis theoretical pheesicist, cosmologist, author an Director o Research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology within the Varsity o Cambridge. [342][343] One of his final research studies, entitled A smooth exit from eternal inflation?, about the origin of the universe, was published in the Journal of High Energy Physics in May 2018. verlor Stephen Hawking seine Sprechfähigkeit. Seine Tochter Lucy Hawking wurde im Jahr 1970 geboren, studierte in Oxford russische und französische Literatur und begann nach ihrer Ausbildung, bei zahlreichen renommierten britischen [158][159][160] The book was translated into many languages,[161] and ultimately sold an estimated 9 million copies. – was posthumously published in the Journal of High Energy Physics on 27 April 2018. [396][397] The same year, his synthesiser voice was recorded for the Pink Floyd song "Keep Talking",[398][180] and in 1999 for an appearance on The Simpsons. Zeitungen als Journalistin tätig zu werden. Their joint essay was the runner-up in the 1968 Gravity Research Foundation competition. Long story short, Stephen is the one whom Timothy calls his father. [249] After his second marriage, Hawking's family felt excluded and marginalised from his life. Empfehlenswerte Literatur zu Stephen Hawking: Design G. Wolfgang Open Web Design | image caption Stephen Hawking arrives on the red carpet with former wife Jane Hawking (L) and daughter Lucy Hawking (R). Later discussions with Neil Turok led to the realisation that the existence of God was also compatible with an open universe. ", later clarifying: "I don't know the answer. A first-class honours degree was a condition of acceptance for his planned graduate study in cosmology at the University of Cambridge. Stephen enjoyed math and science in school where he earned the nickname "Einstein." The couple had three children: Robert, born May 1967,[227][228] Lucy, born November 1969,[229] and Timothy, born April 1979. I believe in universal health care. Hawking began his university education at University College, Oxford, in October 1959 at the age of 17, where he received a first-class BA (Hons.) Diesen konnte er anfangs noch manuell bedienen, um die richtigen [172] In 1994, at Cambridge's Newton Institute, Hawking and Penrose delivered a series of six lectures that were published in 1996 as "The Nature of Space and Time". [299][300] In 1999, Hawking was awarded the Julius Edgar Lilienfeld Prize of the American Physical Society. Paul Dirac an. Hawking had wanted the film to be scientific rather than biographical, but he was persuaded otherwise. By denying the evidence for climate change, and pulling out of the Paris Agreement, Donald Trump will cause avoidable environmental damage to our beautiful planet, endangering the natural world, for us and our children. Credit: NASA/Paul Alers. [88][87], In his work, and in collaboration with Penrose, Hawking extended the singularity theorem concepts first explored in his doctoral thesis. He worked with a friend on the faculty, Kip Thorne,[115][8] and engaged him in a scientific wager about whether the X-ray source Cygnus X-1 was a black hole. 1959 - 1962: Studium der Physik und Mathematik an der Universität Oxford. [307] On 26 April 2007, Hawking flew aboard a specially-modified Boeing 727-200 jet operated by Zero-G Corp off the coast of Florida to experience weightlessness. [53][54], Although known at school as "Einstein", Hawking was not initially successful academically. The wager was an "insurance policy" against the proposition that black holes did not exist. The film, while a critical success, was not widely released. … [303] In September 2013, he expressed support for the legalisation of assisted suicide for the terminally ill.[304] In August 2014, Hawking accepted the Ice Bucket Challenge to promote ALS/MND awareness and raise contributions for research. "Stephen Hawking warns artificial intelligence could end mankind", "Stephan Hawking says we should be more frightened of capitalism than robots", "Stephen Hawking tells Google 'philosophy is dead, "Stephen Hawking comes out: 'I'm an atheist' because science is 'more convincing' than God", "Stephen Hawking's Religion and Political Views", "Stephen Hawking – There is no God. Hawking was an atheist[369][370] and believed that "the universe is governed by the laws of science". [374] In an interview with El Mundo, he said: Before we understand science, it is natural to believe that God created the universe. [219][220], In August 2015, Hawking said that not all information is lost when something enters a black hole and there might be a possibility to retrieve information from a black hole according to his theory. [156] Lectures were prepared in advance and were sent to the speech synthesizer in short sections to be delivered. "[388] Hawking alleged ministers damaged the NHS, he blamed the Conservatives for cutting funding, weakening the NHS by privatisation, lowering staff morale through holding pay back and reducing social care. Hawking And Higgs Boson. [125][225] Hawking later said that the engagement gave him "something to live for". [415] After receiving the award from Prime Minister Theresa May, Hawking humorously requested that she not seek his help with Brexit. [301], In August 2012, Hawking narrated the "Enlightenment" segment of the 2012 Summer Paralympics opening ceremony in London. Kindheit und Ausbildung: [241] The impact of his celebrity was challenging for colleagues and family members, while the prospect of living up to a worldwide fairytale image was daunting for the couple. This included not only the existence of singularities but also the theory that the universe might have started as a singularity. [191] For practical reasons related to his disability, Hawking increasingly travelled by private jet, and by 2011 that had become his only mode of international travel. [96] To Hawking's irritation, Jacob Bekenstein, a graduate student of John Wheeler, went further—and ultimately correctly—to apply thermodynamic concepts literally. Besides personal ambition, he was motivated by the desire to increase public interest in spaceflight and to show the potential of people with disabilities. Er blieb in Cambridge, wo er zunächst am Institut für Theoretische Astronomie tätig war und These derive from a deep understanding of what is relevant to physics and astronomy, and especially from a mastery of wholly new mathematical techniques. Stephen Hawking is a world-renowned British theoretical physicist, known for his contributions to the fields of cosmology, general relativity and quantum gravity, especially in the context of black holes. During their first years of marriage, Jane lived in London during the week as she completed her degree at Westfield College. [202], In 2007, Hawking and his daughter Lucy published George's Secret Key to the Universe, a children's book designed to explain theoretical physics in an accessible fashion and featuring characters similar to those in the Hawking family. [349][350] Also in October 2018, Hawking's last book, Brief Answers to the Big Questions, a popular science book presenting his final comments on the most important questions facing humankind, was published. [255][256] The problems worsened, and his speech became slightly slurred. Januar 1942 in Oxford (England) geboren. [125][121], In 1979, Hawking was elected Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge. Its revelations caused a sensation in the media but, as was his usual practice regarding his personal life, Hawking made no public comment except to say that he did not read biographies about himself. [221] In July 2017, Hawking was awarded an Honorary Doctorate from Imperial College London. Stephen Hawking was an average student at school, deeply interested in science.

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